Completing the Templates

The following steps outline a general approach to completion of the templates. College/division planners will have to make reasonable assumptions concerning the impact of decisions e.g., in assigning costs particularly for regular full time staff the normal hiring rate for salaries should be used (benefits rates are pre-programmed in the worksheets). All assumptions used should be documented in the notes added to the worksheet. More detailed instructions for actual input into the templates will be presented separately in a series of training sessions with College/division administrative officers. Those instructions however address how to input numbers into the templates not what numbers to input. The following are the major basic sequence of steps that planners should use in preparing these templates.

Step 1: Enter the “base” column

The numbers (dollars and FTES) for this column are obtainable from the FRS (Financial Reporting System) using the IP FTE and Base Budget report located in the Budget/Summary menu. The precise timing of the extraction should not be important however units must select a period after all salary and benefit increases for the current year have been transferred. This date will be communicated to users when it has occurred. (Note for 2007/2008 this date has occurred so the base may be selected at anytime from the FRS 2006/2007 IP FTE and Base Budget report. Be sure to note the effective date of the transfer and enter it at the top of the Base column.

Step 2: Identify the general sources of the PIF and CPCI contributions on the appropriate worksheet

While the precise multi year amount has not been calculated planners may use the current years number as a proxy for the amounts. Both of these are base adjustments. While the precise position or expense/revenue line need not be identified units should identify the category (line object both dollars and FTES if applicable) on the worksheet e.g., Regular Full-time (RFT) Faculty, Operating etc. Units should not simply “plug” the number in a line – no negative lines should appear on the templates unless they are revenues/recoveries or a planned transfer from other funds

Step 3: Prepare plans for request(s) for PIF funding

These templates should be detailed and well documented, reflecting the best estimates for the college/division for proposals requesting funding from the PIF. While they are not approved budgets they will form the basis of the budget proposal and subsequent funding transfer IF approved and the college/division will be held accountable for the use of these funds based on this proposal. There is only one worksheet tab entitled “Allocation from PIF” however one or more of the “spares” provided may be used (renamed) for multiple PIF submissions.

Step 4: Prepare notes

Notes should be entered that detail the assumptions for each line item on every page of the template. The notes are the key to the documentation of assumptions. This is critical for the communication of college/division plans

Step 5: Attach the completed templates

The completed Template will be included as part of the Integrated Plan for the College/Division

Growth, Redistribution, and Human Development

Understanding the links between economic growth and aggregate human development outcomes can help inform efforts to monitor and forecast progress in improving those outcomes, such as in assessing progress toward the Millennium Development Goals.

This research project aimed to develop a set of tools for consistently aggregating the empirical, microeconomic relationships to throw light on the macroeconomics of human development. It developed and implemented a micro-econometric decomposition method for investigating the proximate determinants of aggregate human development outcomes and to measure the importance of growth in mean incomes relative to changes in the distribution of income and non-income characteristics of the population.

The project applied these methods to basic schooling over the 1990s in Morocco and Vietnam—countries chosen because of their particularities in growth and human development performance in the 1990s and because of the availability of suitable survey data. The study used the Morocco Living Standards Surveys of 1990–91 and 1998–99 and the Vietnam Living Standards Surveys of 1992–93 and 1997–98. A user friendly STATA program was written to implement the method in other settings.

The analysis found that growth and distributional change have played a surprisingly modest role in the changes in school enrollments over time observed in both countries. The bulk of the changes observed over time were accountable to changes in the structure of the model linking these variables to schooling attainments. The decomposition could not reveal what drives these structural changes because they are economy-wide factors; but there must be a strong presumption that they include both the effects of public policy efforts at increasing enrollments and increases in the overall economic returns to schooling, and/or more widely shared knowledge about those returns.

Trends in International Trade in Higher Education Services: Implications and Options for Developing Countries

International trade in higher education services has grown rapidly in recent years in a variety of forms. The most common form of this trade is the movement of students to study in foreign universities, which has been supplemented by the delivery of foreign higher education programs and institutions to transition and developing countries.

Among the factors propelling demand for foreign higher education services are the excess demand for domestic higher education and the need for internationally recognized qualifications in emerging regional and global markets for highly skilled labor. Several countries have also encouraged foreign collaboration to improve the quality of domestic higher education.

However, there are concerns in developing countries about possible negative effects of this trade on under-funded and inefficient domestic higher education systems operating within weak regulatory systems. The possibility of losing sovereignty over a sector that is vital to national development is another major concern. As a result, despite the growth in international higher education trade, most developing countries have been unwilling to make binding commitments in the current round of the General Agreement on Trade in Services
(GATS) negotiations and in bilateral trade agreements.

This research project analyzed data from the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) on international student flows, the International Monetary Fund’s balance of payments, trade statistics of selected countries, and GATS schedules.

The project findings showed that this trade is bound to increase and diversify due to growing demand for foreign qualifications and increasing competition among industrialized nations in the higher education market. The findings also showed the increased entry of higher education institutions.

from developing countries, which can compete on both price and quality. These developments offer options for developing countries, including low-income countries, to expand and strengthen their domestic higher education systems.

University-Industry Linkages in Metropolitan Areas in Asia

Universities as an axis for the urban economy are attracting a great deal of interest in middle and upper-income economies in Eastern and Southern Asia. In these regions, growing integration with the leading global industries coincides with rapid urbanization and a dramatic re-scaling of economic activity. However, research that could guide university development and supportive metropolitan as well as national policies in Asia is very thin, despite the fact that clusters of innovative activities have sprung up in China, India, Korea, Malaysia, and Taiwan (China).

This research project studied how universities could participate in a development strategy based on innovation and knowledge-intensive activities when pressure on urban economies is especially severe. The study identified the likely effects of different policies and institutional mechanisms for promoting successful university-industry linkages in Asia and maximizing the spillovers from universities. The project primarily relied on detailed interviews of representatives of firms, universities, and municipal authorities; quantitative data on innovation outputs by universities (published papers and patents); the performance of firms linked to universities; and material drawn from the academic literature.

The project findings indicate that the leading universities and research institutions in Asia are likely to increase their linkages with industry. Similarly, Asian firms are finding that. in-house research is insufficient even for the largest corporations. Contracting out research to universities, entering into alliances with research institutes, and collaborating with university researchers can confer substantial advantages.

The project’s case studies of countries and urban centers highlighted problems as well as innovative guidance on policies for remedying them. Thus, the study hoped to inform World Bank policy dialogues with member countries on the tertiary education sector and technology development.

The project sparked wide interest in the World Bank. A similar study has been launched on countries in Sub-Saharan African. In addition, the idea of innovation activities in core urban areas was included in the report on Thailand’s Knowledge Economy and similar work has been requested by the authorities in Malaysia and Thailand.

5 patial factors applied areas within a framework of analysis and economic theory

I have discussed about  he spatial factors applied areas within a framework of analysis and economic theory., where there are five factors include

The second, is related to the concept introduced in the territory of theoretical analysis. region in this case defined as the spatial sub-system of national economic system. with the concept of the region has encouraged the preparation of spatial development plans and regional development and measurement of economic activity. several criteria have been developed to determine the limits of an area of development (development region), although it is recognized that this is not an easy thing. for easy determination of boundaries of development in general is still in use determination of boundaries of development in general, he used the administrative territorial units (the government).
The third issue is to analyze the interactions among regions. can distinguish two forms of interaction between regions is 1, the current movement of production factors and 2, the exchange of commodities. explanation of why the current movement of factors of production and exchange of commodities and how they affect economic activity of a region considered to be a central point in the study of the economic problems of the region (regional).

The fourth is the question of optimum analysis or balance among regions. optimum condition is always associated with the goals and objectives to be achieved as the optimal allocation of resources (Pareto optimum allocation of resources) or minimization of certain inputs. some questions raised in this connection to them is about the selection of optimal location for economic activities vary. specialization of production conducted in optimal regions and commodities exchanges also conducted optimally between areas. can finally be said that the analysis was viewed as a discussion of the optimum and the implications of the objectives that have been determined.

fifth, that is related to policy issue areas. regional economic policy is intended as the activities that try to pay attention and take into account the effect of economic behavior in a spatial environment. trying to control the region's economic policies and control structures and economic processes in the sub-national economic system.

some questions can be raised whether such objectives of the policy area? how the policy objectives diinterealisasi region with national policy objectives and so forth. events that occurred in the past has made it clear that market forces are not able to fully create the similarity of national income.

movement of production factors can lead to imbalance and the areas that are less developed will suffer losses due to flight of capital and migration to the outer region. agglomeration benefits can provide a boost for the region is relatively less affluent to develop more forward again. to create harmony between the regions required appropriate regional economic policy. if at first attention to the problem of economic development is directed at the growth of income levels, but now tend to study the distribution of results due to economic developments both sectorally and geographically. thus the role of each region in the development and economy are becoming apparent, in addition to visits of importance to the growth of each region, but also show the role of each region, but also show its role on the national economy as a whole. thoughts as stated above has prompted the emergence of new economic discipline of economic development. study - a study and the deliberations of a very broad field of territorial aspects.

JOINT PLANNING AND LAND USE CONTROL

1. The purpose of this section of the Agreement is to provide for the joint exercise of governmental authority by the City and Township pursuant to Minn. Stat. 471.59 and 414.0325, Subd. 5 in order to insure orderly development within the annexation area in accordance with this Orderly Annexation Agreement and the City’s Comprehensive Plan.
2. The powers set forth herein shall be exercised by a four (4) member board consisting of two (2) City Council members appointed by the City and two (2) Township Board members appointed by the Township Board of Supervisors.
3. The Joint Board will review official controls necessary to regulate development of property and development applications within the Orderly Annexation Area before its annexation by the City in order to insure that the property remains in a status available for development into urban density residential uses in accordance with the City’s Comprehensive Plan.

As to property within the Orderly Annexation Area after its annexation into the City, the Joint Board shall have the following delegated powers:

1. Approve amendments to the City’s Comprehensive Plan relating to the Orderly Annexation Area;
2. Approve the initial adoption of, amendments to, or variances from the City’s official controls relating to the Orderly Annexation Area.
3. Approve any special assessment and sanitary sewer and water hook-up ordinance, or policy and any amendments for consistency with Section Six.
4. Approve the Rural Service Taxing District ordinance or any amendments thereto, for consistency with Section Seven herein.
5. Review and comment on the consistency of any development application with City’s Comprehensive Plan and Orderly Annexation Agreement.
6. All matters subject to approval by the Joint Board shall be processed in the same manner by the City as any other such matter. Any required public hearing before the City Planning Commission or City Council shall also be noticed as a public hearing before the Joint Board.  

Final action by the City may not be taken unless the Joint Board certifies approval of the action. If the Joint Board fails to certify approval, the Joint Board Members shall designate a qualified neutral from the Minnesota Supreme Court Certified Neutrals list to conduct Alternative Dispute Resolution (“ADR”) in the form of mediation/arbitration (“Med-Arb”) or such other agreed upon ADR format. If mediation fails, the Neutral will issue a recommended decision. The Joint Board will adopt Findings of Fact and Decision consistent with the Neutral’s recommendation and supported by the.administrative record developed by the City and Joint Board. The Neutral shall base the recommended decision on the City and Joint Board administrative record, any applicable provision of the Orderly Annexation Agreement and legal principles which the Joint Board and City are required to follow in determining the matter at issue.

 7. Development applications subject only to review and comment by the Joint Board shall be processed in the same manner as all other development applications except as follows:

1. The Joint Board shall meet before the Planning Commission completes its consideration of the application. Minutes of the Joint Board’s discussion of the application shall be included in materials submitted to the Planning Commission. No public hearing need be conducted at the Joint Board meeting;
2. The Township Board representatives on the Joint Board shall be ex officio members of the City Planning Commission when any development application subject to the Joint Board’s review and comment is being considered, and shall be provided with all staff reports and other documentation provided to City Planning Commission members.