Spatial Planning Program

Spatial plan is the basis or reference for the development of spatial policy across sectors and regions in order to use the space can be synergistic and sustainable. Provincial Spatial Plan (RTRWP) has established norms of spatial utilization of spatial regions. Provincial Spatial contain: (a) the pattern of spatial use of protected areas and aquaculture areas in Jambi Province, (b) the structure of the development of network facilities and infrastructure areas, including residential centers. Therefore, it is very important to take advantage of Jambi Province Spatial arrangement of space as a reference area, which is then translated into RTRW Regency / City.

1. Special Area Development

- Development of fast-growing region, and strategic location;

- Development of areas of potential / prospective, which has the potential wealth of natural resources;

- Development of backward areas, which lack the natural resources and or isolated, including border areas;

- Development of marine-based region.

2. Fast Growing Area Development Policy and Strategic

- Improved and superior product diversification;

- Increased trade flows between regions;

- Improved functionality and small town outside of Edinburgh;

- Improved infrastructure and inter-regional economy;

- Increased investment and business climate;

- Increased cooperation and effort;

- Increased capacity among local governments in economic development regional / local;

- Control of the environmental quality of neighborhoods;

- Improved quality of life.

3. Policy Area Development Profektif

- Improving the investment climate and the ease of licensing in the development of prospective areas;

- Improvement of infrastructure services and facilities prospective areas;

- Increased community involvement and participation in business activities in the area of ​​prospective members;

- Increased local and global economic linkages;

- Increased capacity of government in economic development in the area of ​​prospective.

4. Policy Development of Disadvantaged Regions (Including Isolated and Frontier Regions).

- Increased availability of infrastructure services and facilities in the border region and left behind (as a front porch);

- Increasing the development of large-scale agribusiness in the region left behind and the border;

- Increased security of forestry and utilization of marine resources in the border regions;

- Increased provision of traffic checkpoints between countries;

- Improved security of the state border line.

5. Area Development Policy-Based Marine

- Improvement of infrastructure services and facilities-based regional marine (maritime);

- Increased development of large-scale marine-based industries;

- Development of fishing fleets;

- Increased utilization and development of small islands;

- Increased supervision of the utilization of marine resources;

- Increased security at the beach and sea borders freely.

Cities Development Program for Small and Medium Enterprises

The program aims to: (1) improve the ability of development and productivity of small towns and medium, (2) increase the external functions of small towns and medium enterprises in a 'system of economic development areas "and establish an internal service these cities.

The main activities to be performed to mefasilitasi local government are:

1. Increased growth of small industries in small towns, especially the processing of agricultural industries (agroindustry) from rural areas, through: (a) the development of small industries sentrasentra using appropriate technology, (b) increasing function of the local market; (c ) improving infrastructure and transportation facilities that connect small towns with rural territories;.

2. Preparation and consolidation of basic social infrastructure in urban cities to small and medium enterprises can serve internal and external functions of his city, especially areas that are included in the unit area of ​​economic development;

3. Empowerment capabilities: (a) The apparatus of professionalism in the management and productivity improvements the city, (b) entrepreneurship and management of small and medium entrepreneurs in improving business operations, including the application of 'good corporate governance', (c) the community to participate in decision-making policies urban public in towns small and medium enterprises;

4. Completion of institutional reforms and restructuring of institutions by applying the principles of 'good urban governance in the management of urban small towns and medium enterprises in order to improve the functioning of public services;

5. Empowerment of the city government's ability to mobilize development funds through:

(A) strengthening partnerships with the private and the public, (b) direct loans from commercial banks and the provincial and federal levels; (c) the issuance of local bonds (municipal bonds), (d) extension and intensification of taxes and levies;

6. Empowerment of small and medium businesses the ability, through: (a) provision of access to capital, (b) development of market information for local products, (c) the provision of appropriate technological assistance.

POLICY DEVELOPMENT AREA

1. One government policies relating to regional economic development is to provide autonomy to the regions to implement regional development programs, so that all the accountability, management and financing by local governments.
2. However, as known in spite of regional autonomy, economic development in the area not only from a regional development program (as a manifestation of the principle of decentralization), but also from sectoral programs (as an embodiment of the principle of deconcentration). Both programs were run jointly by the government in order to bridge the gap between the regions economic development progress. However, to date sectoral programs still dominate regional programs, so that regional autonomy is real, dynamic, and responsible yet fully materialized.
3. Strong growth is not yet fully enjoyed equally by society in the region. Interregional economic diversity is partly because the level of significant differences in growth rates between regions, the potential between regions that have been developed, the rate of population growth, inflation, employment by sector, the quality of human resources, facilities available across regions and levels of labor productivity between regions.
4. In addition, disparities between regions due to different economic structures, where the dominant fast-growing sector could encourage other sectors which in turn affect economic growth in the area. Ekonmi high growth will also affect the amount of contribution to the GDP of the Province.
5. inter-regional imbalances in the economy regarding the pattern and direction of investment and allocation priorities among the various regions within the unitary state or province, especially regarding the investment in human resources and investment in physical infrastructure. This in turn will affect the rate of economic growth and per capita income levels between regions in a region, so the likelihood of difference and inequality in the pattern, growth rate and per capita income across various regions in a region within one country.
6. Since 1999 economic growth began to increase, but because most of the districts still rely on economic growth in primary sectors such as natural resources, oil and gas, causing the income gap between regions is also increasing. This is illustrated by the contribution of primary sector is still relatively large, especially for oil and gas.
7. This situation is in fact if not addressed with wise, will affect the economic structure of Jambi Province, which in turn dependent on oil and gas become large, and creativity to encourage other sectors can be reduced.
8. Thus, if associated with a trend of increasing levels of income inequality across regions gives an indication that there is a positive relationship between levels of income disparities among regions with economic growth in the province of Jambi, for several periods. Characteristics very different areas between the western and eastern requires different handling, both in infrastructure and human resources.

handling of community-based flood

Across Indonesia, recorded 5590 the parent river and 600 of them potentially cause flooding. Flood-prone areas covered by these rivers reach the parent 1.4 million hectares. From various studies have been conducted, the flooding-prone regions, basically due to three things. First, human activities are causing changes in the spatial occurrence and impact on natural changes.

Second, natural events such as very high rainfall, rising sea levels, storms, and sebagainya.1 Third, environmental degradation such as loss of ground cover plants in catchment areas, siltation of rivers due to sedimentation, the narrowing of the river and so on.

Flooding not only causes the rice fields were flooded and so can not be harvested and devastated housing and settlements, but also damage facilities social services and community economic public infrastructure, and even casualties.

Greater losses if the disruption of economic activity and government, even cessation. Although community participation in order to control flooding is very real. especially in emergency response activities, but the flooding causing additional financial burden countries, mainly to rehabilitate and restore damaged public parasana function.

The occurrence of a series of floods in a relatively short time and be repeated every year, demands for greater efforts to anticipate it, so the loss can be minimized.

Government efforts that are structural (structural approach), was not fully able to address the problem of flooding in Indonesia. Flood prevention, has been more focused on providing the physical building of flood control to reduce the impact of disasters.

In addition, although the non-physical policy - which generally includes participation society - in the response to flooding has been made, but not implemented properly, does not even fit the needs of society, so that its effectiveness is questionable.

Sectoral policies, centralized, and top-down without involving the community already not in accordance with the global developments that require decentralization, democracy, and participation of stakeholders, especially communities affected disaster.

The question is who is called society? How far can people participate? And at the stage where the public can participate? 

The answers to these questions, should be considered in formulate and implement policies of community participation in flood mitigation. Policy mistakes caused the various interests of the individual / group is more dominant, then the policy used for the benefit of a negative.

As a result policies established ineffective, even canceled. Thus,flood prevention are just mere physical development (structural approach), should be synergized with the construction of non-physical (non-structural approach), which provide more space for the emergence of community participation, so the result is more optimal. From the above, flood prevention policy that is physical, must be balanced with measures of non-physical, so the role of the community and other stakeholders were given the appropriate place.

In order for flood prevention is more integrative and effective, it is necessary not only coordination at the implementation level, but also at the level of policy planning, including community participation and other stakeholders. Based on the consideration that, as an institution which was assigned to coordinate the planning of development, National Development Planning Agency examines a comprehensive flood prevention policy and unbiased sectors and regions, with emphasis on community participation in flood mitigation.

source picture: beritadaerah.com