This research aims; to know the relationship pattern between government and private sectors, community in micro and macro levels regarding to the conflict happened between PT Lonsum with farmer society, to analyzed consideration of morale and farmers as well as the influence of external factor in formulating latent conflict to become mani fest conflict between PT Lonsum with farmer society, to analyzed social and economic consequence from mani fest conflict between PT Lonsum with farmer society and to identi fied the forms of conflict resolutions in process of accomodation between PT Lonsum with farmer society. Result of research indicat ed that the conflict of relationship agraria between PT. Lonsum with bulukumba society is resultant of various factors related and influenced each other, such as dynamics of plantation history in bulukumba regency, subsistence crisis of bulukumba society, and government policy in agrarian problem. Therefor the conflict resolution could be overcome through accomodation process by coercion, adjudication, tolerantion, stalemate, conciliation, arbitration, mediation and compromise.
The new paradigm of development directed to achieving regional development objectives, namely growth (growth), equity (equity), and sustainability (sustainability) (Anwar and Rustiadi, 2000). Socio-economic development in Indonesia is characterized by a combination of market-oriented agricultural and domestic needs, industrialization and urbanization, large-scale forest exploitation and migration. In the New Order era, the state has a major and prominent role in economic development. Government intervention in the management of natural resources is very high so many resources are managed to move from local residents to the government, after the new order rajim fallen, demand the implementation of land reform back sticking out.
Together with the newly formed farmer organizations, NGOs concerned with the rights of rural communities and natural resource management began to launch a pressure change. Among them is the Consortium for Agrarian Reform-KPA, a consortium of NGOs and farmer organizations in Indonesia, based in Bandung and WALHI.
They called for restoration of land ownership rights of the people, both for farmers and farm lands for indigenous peoples. They criticized the activities of the World Bank's land registration project which they completely ignored the recognition of customary rights in land ownership (Down To Earth, 1999).
One of the largest agrarian conflict in South Sulawesi is the occurrence of conflicts between owners of capital, PT Company Plantation London Sumatra (PT PP Lonsum) with farming communities in the District Kajang Bulukumba. This conflict began in 1981 due to an area of 546.6 ha of land evictions in the village of Bonto Biraeng and 373 ha in the village of Jojolo, then continued in 1982, the company PT PP Lonsum rubber planting mines in the Village area of 200 ha, while threatening the people who dare fight with weapons.
At that time as many as 253 farmers in several villages in the district Bulukumpa and Kajang began struggling filed a lawsuit over ownership of land. But after that the Village area of 500 ha Tibona evicted.
PT Lonsum also managed to master the Ahan who tilled the people in the village of Bonto Biraeng the Year 1984. Two years later (1986), five farmers arrested for fighting government. Evictions occur in the Village Tugondeng 30 ha. A number of houses and gardens are also being evicted and burned. This condition is then repeated again in 1988, by displacing Tammato Village area of 800 hectares and many homes were burned. Some lands that are considered sacred by the tribe Kajang also evicted. Year 1989 - 1991, Village Tibona 500 ha evicted, the people who fight by means of burning rubber tree and then caught by the police.
Taking land area of 300 ha in the village of Bonto Mangiring, and evictions 300 homes with bulldozers, while people who tried to survive then shot occurred in 1994 (Tempo, 7/01/2004). In 1998 the Supreme Court won gugutan 253 farmers on the land area 200 ha, or based on natural boundaries: east with Balanglohe River, north of the River Galogo, west with garden Kodam XIV, danselatan with people's gardens in the village of Bulo-Bulo. Apparently after measured based on the natural boundary of land won by an area of 540.6 ha. This is what triggers the next round of disputes between communities and the PT Lonsum. Furthermore, PN Bulukumba followed by executing the decision of the Supreme Court, which declared 560 ha of land area in accordance with the natural boundary. People are starting to take over their land according to the decision of the Supreme Court in 1999.
Conflict is certainly as bad as an accumulation of various reasons. Chronology of conflict between farmers and PT PP Lonsum keagrarian is evidence that the problem is still a problem with huge potential to cause conflict between the interested parties concerned over it. This is the root of the problem which would be studied in depth, from a chronological point of agrarian conflict in the relationship with the communities.
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