Regional Spatial Structure of Cities and Transportation System

(Thomson, 2007. 93: City Structure means the size and shape of the city and the distribution of homes, jobs, and other activities within the city (i.e geographical area) of the city, in relation to its population, determines the overal density of development, which is of vital importance for transport).

• Urban Form is the spatial pattern or “arrangement” of individual elements – such as buildings and land use (or collectively, the built environment), as well as social groups, economic activities and pubic institutions-within an urban area;
• Urban Interaction is : set of interrelationship, linkages, and flow the act to “integrate” the pattern and behavior of individual land use, groups and activities into the functioning entities that were described above as subsystems;
• Urban spatial structure formally combines an urban form and an overlay of pattern of behavior and interaction within subsystems with a set of “organizational” rules : subsystems together into a city system.

Principles of Urban Structure and Growth:

• These rules most frequently relate to the operation of three process:
• The competitive economic land market
• The functioning of government and public institutions
• The accepted canons or norms of social behavior

Propositions on Structural Growth:

1. Size > that all systems have some minimum size (or threshold) necessary...
2. Inhomogeneity > ... System may not be the same as those
3. Non-proportional change > ... In the ralationship between the various parts of the systems
4. Growth-form dependency > that the growth of a system determines its initial form...
5. Designer principles > much as an architect does in designing a building, or planner, or developer > laying out new neigborhood

The development pattern Kagiatan City: (Larry S. Bourne, 1982, Internal Structure of the City Reading on Urban Form, Growth and Policy, Second edition, Oxford University Press, New York, USA)

• Unstructured City: Patterns of spread, concentration of activity is unclear, difficult to identify the main activity, secondary and tertiary in an area.
• Structured City: opposite; have the composition and characteristics / patterns of different activities, different levels of density, activity patterns of concentration clearly identified.

Influential factors: the pattern and structure of city

• Geographical features: physical areas / cities; flat, mountainous / hills, river or coastal areas;
• Relative accessibility: ease of mobility (travel time, cost factors, comfort or safety);
• Development control: incentives and disincentives estate development, infrastructure, land ownership and development tax
• Dinamic proccesses: dynamic development activities have accelerated > region that differ between regions.